About IT Infrastructure Technologies
The term “infrastructure” (infrastructures) originally meant “substructure (infrastructures are the bottom, structures are the structure),” but the term has since been translated to refer to “facilities and equipment that form the foundation of daily life and industry. In familiar terms, infrastructure includes water, electricity, gas, and other facilities, as well as roads.
For example, focusing on roads, movement and distribution are made possible by cars driving on unknown surfaces, but there is a relationship where roads alone are not enough and cars alone are not enough. The road provides the stock structure for the car to be active.
What then is the infrastructure or IT infrastructure in a system? If we first break down the system into its elements, we can divide it into the second level, “application” and “infrastructure. In the aforementioned example of roads, the application can be compared to a car and the infrastructure to a road. The infrastructure provides the stock structure for the application to operate.
In this section, we consider applications. For example, when considering the systemization of sales operations at a grocery store, the application first understands what the person selling vegetables does, issues a receipt if one is required, makes recommendations based on the shopper’s menu, and performs other various tasks that may occur, using a programming language such as Java. The application is created in advance using a programming language such as Java.
Usually, applications are customized for each business, but for common tasks (attendance, sales support, etc.), packages (products made and sold by software companies for common tasks) are sometimes already available.
When infrastructure is broken down into its elements, it can be divided into “hardware” and “system software.
The hardware that infrastructure engineers deal with in their work includes physical servers, storage, recording devices that back up the contents of hard disks, networking equipment, and racks.
System software refers to software that provides the general-purpose functions required for applications to operate. System software consists of an operating system (OS) and middleware. Middleware is software that exists between the OS and applications and provides specialized functions that are commonly used by applications in the world. In many cases, applications are not run on the OS, but on dedicated middleware. By using middleware, for example, applications benefit from the fact that it manages the connection with the database, and the application side can concentrate on business processing because the implementation of such functions can be minimized.
The above infrastructure components can be summarized as follows.
This blog discusses the following items regarding these infrastructure technologies
architectural design
- Overview of Domain-Driven Design and its relationship to AI applications and reference books
Domain-Driven Design (DDD) is a software design methodology based on an understanding of the business domain. This section describes DDD.
network technology
The Internet, which is the basis of Web technology, began with ARPNET, a system for communicating via multiple computers. The ARPANET was realized in the U.S. in the early 1970s and used packets, which are small pieces of communication data, to be transmitted through multiple machines.
The Internet Protocol Suite (suite means a set) was developed as a standard technology that is widely used around the world.
In the following pages of this blog, we will discuss the details of this network technology from a hardware/software perspective.
Server Technology
A server refers to a service program that provides HTML and object display to the client software’s web browser in accordance with HTTP, and the server computer on which the service runs. In a broader sense, it refers to programs and computers that communicate with client software via HTTP.
In the following pages of this blog provide an overview of this server technology, as well as an overview of typical servers such as Apache HTTP Server and nginx and how to set them up.
Cloud Computing Technology
Cloud computing is a technology that allows multiple servers to be set up virtually within a single physical server. With the advent of this technology, multiple servers can be operated in the space of one physical server.
In the following pages of this blog, we will provide an overview of this cloud computing technology, as well as discuss cloud patterns and specific implementations in AWS, automated configuration with Terraform, and container orchestration using Docker technology and Kubernetes.
Operating Systems (Linux, etc.)
An operating system is a type of software that manages the entire system, implementing functions for basic management and control of equipment and basic functions that are commonly used by many software programs.
Its main roles are to manage input/output devices, main memory (main memory), and external storage devices (storage, disk), and to control data communication with other external devices and networks, etc. It starts first when the computer is turned on and continues operating until the power is turned off. It can start and terminate software stored in the storage device based on instructions from the user.
Software that uses OS functions and runs on top of the OS is called application software (application software). By using the functions provided by the OS, application developers can save time and effort in development and unify operability. In addition, since the OS absorbs minor differences in hardware specifications, software developed for an OS can basically be used on any computer running that OS.
In the following pages of this blog, provide an overview of this operating system, as well as information on CentOS and Ubuntu, which are representative Linux operating systems, and μTRON and Android, which are embedded operating systems.
System Operation Middleware
- System Operation Middleware Overview
From “Microservice with Clojure. In this article, we will discuss the use of ElasticStash for monitoring microservice systems. The monitoring system described here can be widely applied to systems other than microservice systems; please refer to “Search Tool Elasticsearch – Startup Procedure” for details.
Hardware in Computers
Computers consist of hardware components such as processors, memory, storage, input devices (keyboard, mouse, etc.), output devices (display, printer, etc.), network interface cards, sound cards, video cards, motherboards, and power supplies.
In the following pages of this blog, we will discuss the hardware components of these computers, especially CPUs such as FPGAs and ASICs, which are closely related to machine learning technologies, and IOT technologies, which are also closely related to artificial intelligence technologies.
About DevOps
DevOps is a set of practices that combine software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to improve the speed, efficiency, and quality of software delivery. improvement culture.
In the following pages of this blog, we will discuss an overview of this DevOps technology and specific implementations such as Docker.
Git
Git is a source code version control system that allows multiple people to work on a project at the same time, keeping track of the project’s changelog. This section provides an overview of Git, how to get started, environment settings, basic commands, and reference books.
Text Editor
Vi is a text editor created by Sun Microsystem in 1976 to perform text editing operations on a display at a time when there was no GUI as we know it today. Its features include, for example, the ability to move cursors using 🄷🄹🄺🄻 for “←”, “→”, “↓”, and “↑” (using the keyboard of the ADM-3, a PC at the time). ), it is a text editor that can be operated only with the keyboard.
vi has the concept of modes: insert mode, in which you can insert or delete text by backspacing, normal mode (called command mode in vi), in which you can move the cursor, copy (yank) and paste text, and perform various editing operations, and mode (up), in which you can save a file, terminate the editor, and so on. There are three (strictly speaking, four) command line modes: normal mode (called command mode in vi), which allows you to save files, close the editor, and perform various operations on text with commands.
Sublime Text is a shareware text editor released in 2008 by Australia’s Sublime HQ Pty Ltd. Sublime Text is a popular tool that is always ranked in the top 3 in editor comparison articles overseas due to its powerful editing features, flexible extensions, and other characteristics.
Spacemacs is an extensible and highly customizable text editor based on Emacs combined with Vim keybindings. The goal of the project is to extract and integrate the best from each of the Vim and Emacs editors; the Spacemacs distribution is based on a community-driven Emacs configuration. It extends the default Emacs behavior and a large amount of additional functionality exists.
This section describes how to set up a development environment in Clojure using Sublimetext4 and VS code respectively.
This section describes how to set up a Pyhton development environment with SublimeText4 and VS code.
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