The Internet, which is the basis of Web technology, began with ARPNET, a system for communicating via multiple computers. The ARPANET was realized in the U.S. in the early 1970s and used packets, which are small pieces of communication data, to be transmitted through multiple machines.
Initially intended for military purposes to build fault-tolerant networks, the Internet Protocol Suite (suite means a set) was developed to become a standard technology that is widely used around the world. The protocols used in the Internet Protocol Suite are divided into several layers, and communication is achieved by having the higher-level protocols conceal the lower-level protocols. This is called encapsulation. This encapsulation ensures modularity among the layers and enables interconnection of various networks. An overview of the protocols is shown below.
There is also OSI (Open Systems Interconnection), a standard developed at the same time as the Internet protocols. Although this protocol was not ultimately adopted (the Internet Protocol Suite adopted it), it is introduced as the OSI reference model together with the Internet Protocol Suite as shown below because it is a useful tool for discussing system configuration.
This blog discusses the following items regarding these network technologies
- Network Technology Overview
- Wireless LAN
- Introduction to TCP/IP Networking on Linux
First, let’s look at Internet technology, which is the base of Web technology. The Internet began with ARPNET, a system for communicating via multiple computers, which was first studied in the late 1960s and realized in the United States in the early 1970s. The idea is to communicate via a machine.
Initially started for military purposes to build fault-tolerant networks, the Internet Protocol Suite (suite means a set) was developed to become a standard technology that is widely used around the world. The protocols used in the Internet Protocol Suite are divided into several layers, and communication is achieved by having the higher-level protocols conceal the lower-level protocols. This is called encapsulation. This encapsulation ensures modularity among the layers and enables interconnection of various networks.
HTTP is an application layer protocol used when a client and server communicate on the Web. Hypertext, the H of HTTP, refers to the ability to link multiple documents. The following is an example.
HTTP/1.1 is currently the predominant version of HTTP. Next-generation HTTP versions include HTTP2 (header compression and pipeline processing) and HTTP3 (use of QUIC), which are designed for higher speed.
HTTP1.1 is a specification for exchanging data in text. Therefore, by using browser development tools, it is possible to see the actual contents of the data being exchanged.
In HTTP, the roles of the client and server are very different, and the data sent by each differs. The HTTP request is sent by the client, and the HTTP response is sent by the server in response.
コメント